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Tracing pollution along the length of Ramganga river

31 Aug 2017

Ramganga, one of the tributaries of the hallowed river Ganges, originates in Uttarakhand flowing through Corbett National Park and Uttar Pradesh. As a tributary to the Ganges, Ramganga also shares the divine status and hosts the annual Ganga Dussehra festival. But the increased population along its banks and celebrations involving immersing objects in the river and other factors have left a large section of this sacred river polluted. Scientists from Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee conducted a systematic study to assess and quantify the damage done to river by measuring the pollutants found in the water. The researchers chose sixteen sites along the length of the river, where they collected water samples from over a period of 3 seasons. They then tested the waters for physiochemical properties and heavy metal elements found in the water. Based on the percentage of pollutants in the water, the researchers were able to divide the stretch of the river which was sampled, in to 3 clusters. They found that at an elevation from 1304 m to 259 m, there was less pollutants, from 207 to 154 to be moderately polluted and from 154 to 139 to be highly polluted. The studies shown a significant increase in elements like fluoride, chloride, sodium, magnesium and calcium. The study also revealed a seasonal variation of pollution levels of the water with factors such as pH, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen and some elements like Fluoride, Zinc and Manganese. The main factors that has become evident for the increased pollution are anthropogenic ones. However, conservation efforts would require all the study of the river and its waters to understand the pressures the river is reeling under. This study provides us this understanding enabling us to take measures to protect the sacred river and its life giving waters.

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