A look back at the fifteen key stories of the year on Research Matters, showcasing the ingenuity and dedication of the Indian scientific community in 2025.

General

Bengaluru

Last month, doctoral student Mr. Dev Kumar Thapa and his advisor Prof. Anshu Pandey from the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, claimed to have discovered evidence for superconductivity at a temperature much higher than ever before. The researchers have posted a preprint of their paper titled, “Evidence for Superconductivity at Ambient Temperature and Pressure in Nanostructures” to the arXiv, an online repository of pre-prints of journal papers. They have also submitted a paper outlining their findings to the journal Nature. In this particular instance, questions of various kinds have been raised about the research reported in the preprint in the public debate.

Bengaluru

An international team of researchers use a multi-pronged approach to understand the diveristy in tree communities.

Bengaluru

Angiosperms, or flowering plants as they are commonly known, dominate the plant kingdom with over a whopping 3.5 lakh species. Unlike the bisexual plants that are predominant, where both the reproductive structures are present in the same flower of the plant, some have the male and female flowers in different plants. Such plants are called dioecious plants, and there are over 15,600 species of them across the world. Many of these plants have been used traditionally as food, medicine and timber for over thousands of  years.

Chandigarh

Researcher from CSIR - Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandighar discover the role of a gene that regulates how macrophages react to different pathogens.

Kolkata

Some curse them, throw stones at them, beat them, and even kill them, while a few pet them and form a special bond!  Domestic dogs, or Canis lupus familiaris, are known to be our 'best friends'. Yet, nearly 70-80% of the 90 crore dogs globally, about 70 crores, are free-ranging and include stray and feral dogs.  How do they survive and thrive in the dangerous streets without our active care?  It turns out, just like us, they have a 'family' that makes it possible.

Have you noticed the smell of the air just after a rain - the fresh earthy smell that take us back to our childhood, that inspired a lots of poets and writers to flourish with their creativity?

Bengaluru

Neutrinos are the elusive sub-atomic particles in the Universe. They are abundant throughout the universe and tens of thousands pass through our body every second!

Bhubaneswar

An international team of scientists study how temperature over India has changed over the span of 7 decades and point of the role of geography in changing temperatures.

Guwahati

Researchers from CSIR – Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati and MNR Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad have developed an electrochemical nanobiosensor that can efficiently diagnose invasive aspergillosis

Most of us have seen diabetics take insulin injections. Wasim Akram was an insulin dependent diabetic, and at the same time, a threatening fast bowler.

Insulin is a protein produced in our bodies by the pancreas. In earlier days, insulin was extracted from the pancreas of cattle, in a tedious process that yielded just a few micrograms per pancreas.

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